Experiments try to find casual relationships between an explanatory variable and a response variable. In practice, this is very difficult to do but we try to do this buy giving a treatment to our subjects to see how they respond. Of course, it makes sense to have two groups: an experimental group and a control group (to which you don't give the treatment) so that you can observe the effects of the treatment.
We can model an experiment through an experiment diagram. Begin by labeling the subjects of your experiment. Then, through random selection, place your subjects into experimental groups. Induce your treatment onto your subjects and record the response variable. At the end, combine the results and compare between groups to observe the effects of the treatment.
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